倾听您的心脏，突出了您在任何年龄段的健康心脏都可以做出的简单营养，健身和生活方式的改变。
许多人只认为高血压 - 或高血压— as being a health risk, but blood pressure that's too low can also cause health problems.
有些人可能自然具有低血压，而这可能是其他人的副作用，但无论哪种方式都可能是危险的。
这是您需要了解的有关低血压的健康风险以及何时寻求医疗护理的知识。
What Is Low Blood Pressure?
根据美国心脏协会(AHA), normal blood pressure is made up of two readings: systolic (the top number), which measures the pressure of your blood in your arteries as your heart beats, and diastolic (the bottom number), which measures the pressure of your blood in the arteries when your heart rests between beats.
A正常血压is a systolic reading of under 120 and a diastolic of less than 80. For example, a blood pressure that would be considered normal for a healthy adult would be 110/70.
从技术上讲，低血压或低血压是血压读数小于90/60。亚历山德拉·拉乔（Alexandra Lajoie），医学博士, a non-invasive cardiologist at Providence Saint John's Health Center in Santa Monica, California. However, she explains that a low blood pressure reading is considered dangerous anytime it is causing symptoms that last more than a few seconds.
"The number is variable and depends on a patient's other medical conditions," she says. "Some people have symptoms if their systolic blood pressure is below 120, others below 70."
是什么导致低血压？
根据National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, some people just have low blood pressure all the time. Because that's normal for them, it doesn't cause any symptoms and it is not considered dangerous.
"People who are thin and very physically active tend to have lower blood pressure," Dr. Lajoie tells LIVESTRONG.com. In general, pre-menopausal women and very thin young people also tend to have lower blood pressure.
但是，在其他情况下，低血压不正常。Lajoie博士说，例如，脱水是血压低的常见原因。根据以下条件，也可能导致它啊哈:
- 感染，特别是如果细菌进入您的血液（败血性休克）
- 贫血
- 严重的过敏反应
- 一些神经系统疾病
- Arrhythmias (abnormal heart rhythms)
- Heart failure
- 血液体积减少，例如因创伤或内部出血
- 内分泌疾病，包括甲状腺功能减退症，有时还包括糖尿病
- 神经介导的低血压, a disorder caused by miscommunication between the heart and brain that leads your blood pressure to drop after you stand for a long period of time
- 餐后低血压，最常见的情况是在老年人中发生的情况，在饭后血压下降
- 体位性低血压，当血压从坐姿站立时降低时 - 您可以暂时体验到这一点，例如，当您站起来太快而腿部越过或长期越长，这是一个更为严重的状况
低血压也可能是床休息，怀孕或某些药物的结果，例如高血压药物，利尿剂，某些类型的抗抑郁药和勃起功能障碍药物等伟哥。
阅读更多:低舒张压的原因
低血压的体征和症状是什么？
Lajoie博士说，您的血压太低的第一个也是最常见的症状是头晕和晕厥。有些人还会因低血压而感到疲劳。
The most common reason to become dizzy or faint is that the systolic blood pressure is temporarily too low to allow adequate blood flow to the brain. "This usually occurs when the systolic pressure is less than 80," Dr. Lajoie explains.
根据AHA，低血压也会引起以下症状：
- 恶心
- Unusual thirst
- 无法集中精力
- Blurred vision
- 寒冷，张开和苍白的皮肤
- Rapid breathing
- 疲劳
- 沮丧
健康Risks of Low Blood Pressure
There are both direct and indirect risks to having low blood pressure:
1.氧气不足
正如Lajoie博士提到的那样，低血压的主要风险是，您的血管中没有足够的压力来获取血液（因此，氧气）需要进入体内，尤其是大脑的氧气。想想它就像在水压太低时试图洗个澡 - 您只是无法轻松或有效地完成工作。
2. Heart Problems
根据氧气，严重低血压会通过剥夺氧气来损害您的心脏。梅奥诊所。
Individuals with existing coronary heart disease and very low blood pressure as a result of treatment are at an increased risk for cardiovascular events, such as a heart attack, according to a February 2017 study in the英国医学杂志。
Another study, published September 2018 in the美国心脏病学院杂志，发现患有慢性冠状动脉疾病患者的心绞痛或胸痛的血压非常低。
3. Injury
如果您的血压突然下降，则可能有晕倒的风险，这可能导致跌倒受伤。
4.肾脏伤害
According to Dr. Lajoie, certain patients with kidney failure can experience worsened kidney function if their blood pressure is too low.
5. Exacerbation of Stroke Symptoms
“先前中风的患者可以复发中风症状如果他们的血压下降得太低，” Lajoie博士说。
6. Other Health Risks
医生仍在研究低血压的健康风险。例如，2018年3月的研究BMC Public Healthusing data from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey found that there is actually an association between suicidal thoughts and low blood pressure.
The study concluded that the rates of suicidal ideation was "significantly higher" among adults who had low blood pressure.
阅读更多:血压和健美运动升高
低血压治疗
血压如何治疗将取决于血压低的原因，但一些常见治疗方法包括：
1.预防措施
在某些情况下，采取预防措施可以帮助纠正低血压。例如，如果您有神经介导的低血压和需要长时间静止的工作，那么您的血压可能会下降。
Dr. Lajoie explains that taking preventive measures such as moving your legs around, walking at regular intervals, getting up slowly and performing leg exercises can help prevent dangerous drops in blood pressure that could cause fainting.
2. Hydration
Adequate fluid intake is key to maintaining a healthy blood pressure, Dr. Lajoie says. Improving hydration can sometimes be sufficient to raise blood pressure levels.
3.饮食变化
In some situations, a doctor will prescribe increasing your盐的摄入量to try to raise your blood pressure. However, Dr. Lajoie cautions that you should always talk to your doctor before making any significant changes to your salt intake because in certain situations — such as heart failure — it can make your blood pressure worse.
通过在餐厅上记录餐点，了解如何用健康，营养丰富的食物填充盘MyPlate app。立即下载到微调饮食today!
某些种类的贫血是由于缺乏必需的维生素B12和叶酸引起的。National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, so taking those vitamins to improve the anemia may help treat your low blood pressure. Again, though, you should talk to your doctor before adding a supplement to your diet.
4. Medication
If you are on any types of medication and are experiencing low blood pressure, your doctor may take a look through your medication regimen to determine if any are the culprit.
在某些极少数情况下，Lajoie博士说，您的医生可能会开药以升高血压。
何时去看医生低血压
在大多数情况下，除非您遭受了明显的伤害或创伤，否则在没有任何明显伴随症状的情况下进行一次低血压读数是没有什么可关注的。
但是，如果您注意到自己的血压定期发作，那么请注意何时发生症状（例如，服用某种药物或饮食后），并安排约会与您的医生讨论。
而且，如果您遇到任何直接持久的低血压症状，例如头晕，头晕或晕厥，则应立即寻求医疗救助。