许多人发现自己在深夜走进厨房吃零食,只要你选择健康的食物,这通常不是什么值得担心的事情。那些在晚上吃大量食物而不感到饥饿的人,或者那些在晚上起床吃东西的人,可能患有一种叫做夜间进食综合症的紊乱症。这种情况是可以治疗的,但是,如果你怀疑自己有这种情况,请立即与你的医生沟通。
夜食综合症的解释
NES的主要症状是早上没胃口,晚上吃得太多,半夜起来吃饭。根据注册营养师Cathy Leman的说法,饮食失调的定义有两个因素:一个人摄取的总热量的25%或更多来自于晚餐后或午夜的食物,他每周起来吃三次或更多。NES影响了一般人群的1.1%到1.5%,但最常见的是在减肥计划和已接受减肥手术的人群中,Leman报告说。
用药物治疗
根据2012年发表在《北美精神病诊所》上的一篇文章,药物干预是NES的一种治疗方法。One type of medication that might be used is selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors. This drug can help patients with NES wake up less often during the week, which reduces how much food they're ingesting in the middle of the night. Serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors might also be used, according to Jennifer D. Lundgren, author of "Night Eating Syndrome: Research, Assessment and Treatment."
认知疗法
根据《北美精神病诊所》上的一篇文章,认知行为疗法要求患者重新学习正确的进食方式,应该在白天而不是半夜进食。It also helps the NES patient get over faulty thinking such as, "If I don't eat, I won't be able to fall asleep." Examples of activities included in the treatment are keeping food and sleep logs. The behavior therapy also helps patients learn to eat more food during the day instead of at night and how to address the desire to eat in the evenings. A further component of treatment might be eliminating all the foods a patient would normally eat at night from the house.
其他潜在的治疗
其他类型的行为疗法可能针对潜在的情绪或焦虑障碍,这些可能导致NES。根据Leman的说法,不宁腿综合症或睡眠呼吸暂停的诊断也可能有助于减少NES的症状。此外,还可以采取更严厉的措施,如用链条锁住冰箱。光疗是另一种有助于增加褪黑激素分泌的治疗方法,这对正常的睡眠模式至关重要。其目的是帮助患者更容易入睡,从而减少夜间进食。