穿卫生棉条超过8个小时有多糟糕?

您可以穿卫生棉条多长时间的准则旨在降低感染或有毒休克综合症的风险。
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如果您曾经使用过卫生棉条,则可能已经注意到盒子上的说明 - 由U.S. Food & Drug Administration(FDA) — that say you should change your tampon every four to eight hours.

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But we're all a little lax with rules from time to time. Maybe you put a tampon in before bed and then slept through your alarm. Perhaps you were super busy during a light flow day and forgot to swap it out. Or maybe you totally blanked on bringing an extra with you before heading out of the house for the day.

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You might wonder: What's the harm in leaving a tampon in for too long? Here, gynecologists get real about the risks.

你可能会得到臭,发痒的感染

像身体的许多部位一样,您的阴道有一个微生物组有助于保持健康并抗击感染的好细菌。改变这些微生物的正常平衡会导致细菌定植。当您插入异物(例如卫生棉条或未洗的性玩具),服用抗生素或冲洗时,可能会发生这种情况。

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Harmful bacteria can also grow when you use a tampon because the blood stays inside your V-zone longer than if you had let it stream out onto a pad.

"Bacteria love blood," says ob-gyn医学博士玛丽·罗瑟(Mary Rosser),,,,assistant professor of obstetrics and gynecology at Columbia University Medical Center. So if a blood-soaked tampon is lingering inside your vagina, the bad bacteria have a better chance at overthrowing the good kind.

Too much harmful bacteria can lead to bacterial vaginosis, aka BV. "You might experience discomfort, a malodorous discharge and itching," Dr. Rosser says.

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如果您认为自己可能有BV,请拿出卫生棉条,然后在其余的周期中切换到垫子。

罗瑟博士说:“通过去除卫生棉条,您可以消除细菌的来源,然后才有机会殖民。”“阴道是一个自我清洁的器官,通常,如果您不理会它,它将本身重置。”

But if your bothersome symptoms stick around even after ditching your tampon, make an appointment to see your gyno. "Usually BV is just annoying, but it has been implicated in cases of pelvic inflammatory disease, or PID," Dr. Rosser says.

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PID is an infection that causes inflammation of the pelvic organs, including the uterus, fallopian tubes and ovaries.

罗瑟博士说:“ PID会导致疤痕,这可能导致慢性骨盆疼痛和未来怀孕的困难。”“如果不进行治疗,您可以得到脓肿(这是脓液的集合)或通过身体其他器官的炎症感染。”

根据疾病预防与控制中心(CDC), signs of PID include pain in your lower abdomen, fever and a pungent vaginal discharge.

Untreated BV can also increase your chances of contracting an STI and cause premature birth or low birth weight if you're pregnant at the time of infection, according to theCDC

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这些天有毒性休克综合征稀有,但仍然是危险

您还记得第一次阅读有毒冲击综合征(TSS)警告插入剂在十几岁的卫生棉条中吗?您可能已经吓坏了,以了解这种罕见但威胁生命的疾病,这是由于金黄色葡萄球菌的过度生长引起的。它可能是由于留在卫生棉条中太长而导致的,从而使细菌足够繁殖。

"As staphylococcus grows, it releases a toxin that spreads through the lining of the vagina, cervix and uterus," Dr. Rosser says. "It gets into your blood, at which point it starts affecting not only your pelvic organs, but all your major organs, including your kidneys and heart."

患有TSS的人会经历类似流感的症状。

“它产生了系统的反应,包括发烧,恶心,呕吐和类似于晒伤的皮疹。”Tamika Cross, MD,德克萨斯州Pearland的Serenity Women's Health&Medspa的董事会认证的OB-GYN和联合创始人。“如果不够快速对待,它可能会导致器官衰竭和死亡。”

Dr. Rosser adds that TSS may induce a state of shock (hence the name, toxic震惊综合征),这是当您的身体没有足够的血液流动时发生。“你的血压掉落,让您感到头脑头晕,头晕。”她说。

如果您有任何这些标志,则应致电医生。

The good news: TSS is uncommon these days. An August 2020 article instatpearls报告说,发病率在每100,000次的0.8至3.4之间,其中不到一半的情况与卫生棉条有关美国国家医学图书馆。This is down from 13.7 per 100,000 menstruating women in 1980, according to an August 2011 study inPLOS ONE

如今,TSS的罕见性是由于FDA对卫生棉条行业的监督,以及对改变卫生棉条在REG上的重要性的改善。

Back in February 1989, a study in传染病的评论将TSS连接到当时在棉塞(包括聚酯,羧甲基纤维素,聚丙烯酸酯和粘胶人造丝)中常见的有毒材料。尽管许多卫生棉条仍然包含粘粘的人造丝,但有关物质的另一个卫生棉条已被淘汰。FDA还开始限制卫生棉条的吸收性。

"Today, the FDA thoroughly evaluates the safety of tampons before they come to market," Dr. Rosser says.

但是,制造商不需要在包装上列出成分。FDA,,,,and an April 2014 article in环境健康的观点质疑卫生棉条当前使用的化学物质的安全性。

克罗斯博士说:“您必须谨慎使用卫生棉条中的化学物质和漂白(产品)。

What if You Can't Remember if You Took Out Your Tampon?

妇产科发誓,人们忘记他们完全放入卫生棉条是相对普遍的。

克罗斯博士说:“当您插入另一个,性交或使用玩具时,您已经忘记的迹象包括阻力。”“您可能还会注意到臭味或异常排出。”

Other tipoffs are itchiness, discomfort and pain when you urinate. If you put in a new tampon or have sex while the old tampon is still there, it can get compressed toward the top of your vagina.

How to Get a Stuck Tampon Out

怀疑你有卡住的卫生棉条吗?尝试使用以下步骤从Columbia University

  1. 很好地洗手,如果它们长,则夹指甲。
  2. Find a comfortable position, such as sitting on the toilet with your feet on a stool to elevate your knees, squatting or laying on your bed.
  3. 忍受,好像您在大便或推出婴儿一样。
  4. 将手指插入您的阴道中,然后将其圈出来,直到感觉到卫生棉条并掌握它。

如果您无法找到或删除它,则Gyno可以帮助。罗瑟博士说:“当卫生棉条被放在阴道中时,可能很难检索。”“这比人们想象的要多得多,所以不要尴尬 - 我们一直都在看到。”

实际上,克罗斯博士的一名患者意外地将卫生棉条留在了几个月中。

And remember that a tampon can't get "lost" in your body.

罗瑟博士说:“阴道是自己的单位;阴道与骨盆或腹腔之间没有通信。”“阴道内唯一的其他孔口是子宫颈,它太狭窄了,无法适应卫生棉条。”ph!

5更多的卫生棉条安全提示

Follow these guidelines to prevent bacterial infection.

1。Use the Right Size Tampon for Your Flow

You know that dry feeling you get when inserting or removing a tampon that's overly absorbent? The friction from repeatedly pushing in and pulling out too-big tampons could create microtears in your vaginal wall.

罗瑟博士说:“这使您容易受到细菌感染。”

2。Only Use a Tampon During Your Period

有些妇女即使没有月经,也要穿卫生棉条。

罗瑟博士说:“人们可能会觉得这使他们更加清洁,因为卫生棉条吸收了排放,或者他们不确定何时期望出血。”“但是,一旦您加入卫生棉条,细菌就会在其周围生长和定殖的空间,可能导致刺激,炎症或感染。”

3.避免可重复使用的产品

虽然2019年7月的评论和分析The Lancet发现月经杯是卫生的,2017年6月的研究生殖健康表明可重复使用的垫可能与刺激或感染的风险增加有关。

Rosser博士说:“月经产品应该是单一的使用 - 酵母,细菌和病毒的空间太多,无法保留[可重复使用的替代方案]。”“我全都为环境,但我也希望我们安全。”

4.洗手

泡沫before and after using a tampon to curtail the spread of bacteria.

5.在性爱前去除卫生棉条

根据Columbia University,在性交期间,您的卫生棉条会被推到阴道运河,导致疼痛,使其难以清除并增加TSS的风险。

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So, How Long Should You Really Wear a Tampon?

Despite FDA guidelines to wear a single tampon for four to eight hours max, Dr. Rosser errs on the side of caution, suggesting you change it every three to five hours during the day. (You may want to put a reminder on your phone so you don't forget.)

Rosser博士说,您可以将其扩展到六到八个小时,但是如果您睡得更长,请改用垫子,或者设置警报器在整个晚上中途放入新的卫生棉条。

罗瑟博士说:“它坐在那里的时间越长,细菌就会越多地生长并引起感染。”

但是,如果您偶尔将其留一段时间,这不是世界的尽头。

罗瑟尔博士说:“我们不是机器人,有时生活会妨碍生活 - 即使您为自己设定了警报,也可能会陷入无法及时改变卫生棉条的情况。”“只要您整体保持警惕,就可以了。”

Still, Dr. Cross urges caution.

她说:“这就像玩火,我当然不会做。”

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Is This an Emergency?

如果您遇到严重的医疗症状,请参阅国家医学图书馆的标志清单您需要紧急医疗护理or call 911. If you think you may have COVID-19, use theCDC’s Coronavirus Self-Checker
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